PRES.txt CORe uses a non-hydrostatic version of the FV3GFS model. So the PRES in the grib files is the full pressure. The FV3 model uses a sigma-pressure coordinates. However, the previous pressure is the hydrostatic pressure which is a measure of the mass in the layer. So in the stratosphere, the layers are of constant (hydrostatic) pressure. The full pressure is not constant. I took a single analysis, and found the mean, min and max values of the layer pressure. Note that the values are in Pa. 2024030818:PRES:surface:15 hour fcst::mean=96686.2:min=51979.7:max=103696:cos_wt_mean=98541.2 2024030818:PRES:0-1 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=96439.8:min=51853:max=103425:cos_wt_mean=98294.6 2024030818:PRES:1-2 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=95891.2:min=51558.3:max=102835:cos_wt_mean=97735.6 2024030818:PRES:2-3 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=95269.1:min=51224.7:max=102169:cos_wt_mean=97101.6 2024030818:PRES:3-4 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=94565.3:min=50851:max=101413:cos_wt_mean=96384.5 2024030818:PRES:4-5 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=93770.6:min=50435.9:max=100562:cos_wt_mean=95574.4 2024030818:PRES:5-6 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=92876.3:min=49978:max=99601:cos_wt_mean=94662.5 2024030818:PRES:6-7 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=91874.9:min=49475.9:max=98532:cos_wt_mean=93639.9 2024030818:PRES:7-8 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=90754.6:min=48922:max=97319:cos_wt_mean=92494.8 2024030818:PRES:8-9 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=89504:min=48326.2:max=95943.2:cos_wt_mean=91216.4 2024030818:PRES:9-10 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=88113.7:min=47690.8:max=94446.8:cos_wt_mean=89794.4 2024030818:PRES:10-11 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=86573.6:min=46950.6:max=92769.6:cos_wt_mean=88218.3 2024030818:PRES:11-12 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=84875.2:min=46231.1:max=90925.1:cos_wt_mean=86479.5 2024030818:PRES:12-13 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=83010.9:min=45431.5:max=88896.5:cos_wt_mean=84570.3 2024030818:PRES:13-14 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=80974.9:min=44600.3:max=86672.3:cos_wt_mean=82484.8 2024030818:PRES:14-15 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=78763.5:min=43706.3:max=84253.3:cos_wt_mean=80218.6 2024030818:PRES:15-16 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=76375.6:min=42757:max=81641:cos_wt_mean=77770.8 2024030818:PRES:16-17 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=73813.2:min=41764.7:max=78832.7:cos_wt_mean=75143.5 2024030818:PRES:17-18 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=71082.2:min=40708.7:max=75837.7:cos_wt_mean=72342.9 2024030818:PRES:18-19 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=68193.2:min=39602.7:max=72667.7:cos_wt_mean=69379.7 2024030818:PRES:19-20 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=65160.7:min=38439.2:max=69340.2:cos_wt_mean=66269 2024030818:PRES:20-21 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=62003.3:min=37258.2:max=65875.2:cos_wt_mean=63030.2 2024030818:PRES:21-22 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=58743.6:min=36021.3:max=62301.3:cos_wt_mean=59686.6 2024030818:PRES:22-23 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=55407.7:min=34739.9:max=58643.4:cos_wt_mean=56265.4 2024030818:PRES:23-24 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=52024.7:min=33427.2:max=54936.7:cos_wt_mean=52796.7 2024030818:PRES:24-25 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=48624.5:min=32079:max=51215:cos_wt_mean=49311.3 2024030818:PRES:25-26 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=45237.9:min=30701.6:max=47512.1:cos_wt_mean=45841.3 2024030818:PRES:26-27 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=41895.3:min=29299.4:max=43866.7:cos_wt_mean=42418.2 2024030818:PRES:27-28 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=38625.4:min=27878.3:max=40307.3:cos_wt_mean=39071.6 2024030818:PRES:28-29 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=35454.2:min=26438.6:max=36865.8:cos_wt_mean=35828.5 2024030818:PRES:29-30 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=32404.2:min=24982.9:max=33565.2:cos_wt_mean=32712.3 2024030818:PRES:30-31 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=29494:min=23514.3:max=30428.7:cos_wt_mean=29742.2 2024030818:PRES:31-32 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=26738.2:min=22034.6:max=27472.9:cos_wt_mean=26933.4 2024030818:PRES:32-33 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=24146.8:min=20545.2:max=24709.5:cos_wt_mean=24296.2 2024030818:PRES:33-34 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=21726.3:min=19051.6:max=22144.2:cos_wt_mean=21837.3 2024030818:PRES:34-35 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=19479.6:min=17564.3:max=19778.9:cos_wt_mean=19559.1 2024030818:PRES:35-36 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=17406.5:min=16095.4:max=17611.6:cos_wt_mean=17460.9 2024030818:PRES:36-37 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=15504:min=14656.5:max=15665.8:cos_wt_mean=15539.2 2024030818:PRES:37-38 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=13766.7:min=13259:max=13891.4:cos_wt_mean=13787.9 2024030818:PRES:38-39 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=12187.8:min=11914.1:max=12232.7:cos_wt_mean=12199.3 2024030818:PRES:39-40 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=10759:min=10632.7:max=10789.4:cos_wt_mean=10764.4 2024030818:PRES:40-41 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=9471.36:min=9425.22:max=9492.94:cos_wt_mean=9473.33 2024030818:PRES:41-42 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=8315.46:min=8294.1:max=8324.23:cos_wt_mean=8315.97 2024030818:PRES:42-43 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=7281.88:min=7276.35:max=7286.66:cos_wt_mean=7282 2024030818:PRES:43-44 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=6361.07:min=6357.63:max=6364.3:cos_wt_mean=6361.15 2024030818:PRES:44-45 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=5543.16:min=5540.34:max=5546.41:cos_wt_mean=5543.22 2024030818:PRES:45-46 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=4818.25:min=4816.33:max=4820.94:cos_wt_mean=4818.31 2024030818:PRES:46-47 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=4177:min=4175.14:max=4179.22:cos_wt_mean=4177.05 2024030818:PRES:47-48 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=3610.7:min=3609.41:max=3613.85:cos_wt_mean=3610.76 2024030818:PRES:48-49 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=3111.34:min=3110.31:max=3112.74:cos_wt_mean=3111.39 2024030818:PRES:49-50 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=2671.58:min=2670.8:max=2672.86:cos_wt_mean=2671.63 2024030818:PRES:50-51 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=2284.76:min=2284:max=2286.63:cos_wt_mean=2284.8 2024030818:PRES:51-52 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=1944.84:min=1943.55:max=1946.92:cos_wt_mean=1944.87 2024030818:PRES:52-53 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=1646.41:min=1644.46:max=1647.57:cos_wt_mean=1646.44 2024030818:PRES:53-54 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=1384.6:min=1383.26:max=1386.37:cos_wt_mean=1384.63 2024030818:PRES:54-55 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=1155.08:min=1154.25:max=1156.63:cos_wt_mean=1155.1 2024030818:PRES:55-56 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=953.968:min=953.392:max=954.659:cos_wt_mean=953.99 2024030818:PRES:56-57 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=777.848:min=777.452:max=778.478:cos_wt_mean=777.867 2024030818:PRES:57-58 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=623.656:min=623.193:max=624.195:cos_wt_mean=623.672 2024030818:PRES:58-59 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=488.719:min=488.228:max=489.541:cos_wt_mean=488.733 2024030818:PRES:59-60 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=370.611:min=369.729:max=371.318:cos_wt_mean=370.621 2024030818:PRES:60-61 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=267.218:min=266.112:max=268.199:cos_wt_mean=267.23 2024030818:PRES:61-62 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=176.538:min=175.802:max=177.576:cos_wt_mean=176.542 2024030818:PRES:62-63 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=96.3802:min=95.9721:max=96.8012:cos_wt_mean=96.3874 2024030818:PRES:63-64 hybrid pressure layer:15 hour fcst::mean=37.9142:min=37.8266:max=38.0601:cos_wt_mean=37.9148