PROGNOSTIC DISCUSSION FOR MONTHLY OUTLOOK NWS CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER CAMP SPRINGS MD 330 PM EST MON JAN 31 2005 UPDATE FOR 30-DAY OUTLOOK DISCUSSION FOR FEBRUARY 2005 . SSTS ALONG THE EQUATOR IN THE PACIFIC CONTINUE MORE THAN 1 DEGREE C ABOVE NORMAL FROM ABOUT 160E TO 160W LONGITUDE AND AVERAGE ABOUT 0.5 DEGREE C ABOVE NORMAL FROM 150W TO JUST OFF THE SOUTH AMERICAN COAST WHERE THEY ARE JUST ABOUT NORMAL. SST ANOMALIES IN THE ENSO-SENSITIVE REGIONS OF THE PACIFIC HAVE REMAINED CLOSE TO THEIR CURRENT VALUES FOR SEVERAL WEEKS AND WEAK EL NINO CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED TO CONTINUE THROUGH AND BEYOND FEBURARY 2005. NO SIGNIFICANT CONVECTIVE ACTIVITY HAS OCCURED EAST OF THE DATELINE... SO THE INFLUENCE OF THIS WEAK WARM ENSO EVENT ON THE ATMOSPHERE AND PARTICULARLY THE CIRCULATION OVER THE EASTERN PACIFIC AND NORTH AMERICA HAS BEEN NEGLIGIBLE. BEGINNING IN THE LATTER PART OF DECEMBER 2004 MJO ACTIVITY BECAME MORE ACTIVE AND HAS BEEN THE PRIMARY COMPONENT OF TROPICAL FORCING ON THE MID-LATITUDE CIRCULATION AND THE ACCOMPANYING CLIMATE OVER NORTH AMERICA. BECAUSE THE TROPICAL FORCING WILL PROBABLY CONTINUE TO VARY WITH TIME... IT IS DIFFICULT TO KNOW WHAT ITS NET EFFECT WILL BE FOR THE MONTH OF FEBURARY... AND ADDITIONAL UNCERTAINTIES ARE INTRODUCED BY THE UNCERTAINTIES IN PREDICTIONS OF THE PHASES OF THE AO AND NAO BEYOND A WEEK OR TWO AHEAD AT BEST. THE NAO HAS INDEED REVERSED SIGN AS WAS HINTED WHEN THE LONG-LEAD VERSION OF THE FOPRECAST FOR FEBRUARY WAS ISSUED ON JAN 20... WITH A STRONG BLOCK RETROGRADING ACROSS THE ATLANTIC JUST NORTH OF 50N. THE AO HAS BEEN IN NEGATIVE TERRITORY... AND THE ONLY THING THAT PREVENTS A MAJOR COLD PATTERN IS THAT HEIGHTS HAVE BEEN AND ARE PREDICTED TO CONTINUE TO BE BELOW NORMAL OVER NORTHWESTERN cANADA AND MOST OF ALASKA. THERE IS STILL PLENTY OF COLD ARCTIC AIR AVAILABLE IN THAT AREA BUT MOST OF IT IS REMAINING IN THE ARCTIC OR MOVING SLOWLY SOUTHWARD ACROSS ALASKA. WITH THE CIRCULATION PATTERNS PREDICTED FOR THE NEXT COUPLE OF WEEKS... MOST OF THE ARCTIC AIR WILL BE AFFECTING ALASKA WITH ONLY THE SOUTHERN FRINGE OF SOME OF THE ARCTIC AIR AFFECTING THE CONUS BRIEFLY FROM TIME TO TIME. THE STRONG BLOCKING RETROGRADING ACROSS THE ATLANTIC TOWARDS EASTERN CANADA MEANS THAT THE AIR FROM COLD SOURCES AFFECTING THE CONUS WILL BE MILDER THAN USUAL ONCE THE MARITIME REGIME TAKES HOLD. THE INDICATIONS FROM THE MODELS ARE NOT AS USEFUL AS ONE MIGHT HOPE. ALTHOUGH THERE IS THE USUAL GOOD AGREEMENT FOR THE FIRST 5 OR 6 DAYS... THE MODELS BEGIN TO DIVERGE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 6-10 DAY PERIOD. MOST OF THE RECENT GFS MODELS FORECAST ABOVE NORMAL HEIGHTS ACROSS MOST OF THE CONUS AND ALL BUT EXTREME NORTHWESTERN CANADA... WHILE THE ECMWF SOLUTION INITIALIZED AT 12Z JAN 30 AND ITS ENSEMBLE MEAN BOTH FORECAST A FULL LATITUDE TROUGH OVER WESTERN NORTH AMERICA FOR THE 6-10 DAY PERIOD... AND THE CANADIAN ENSEMBLE MEAN AND THE DAVA MODEL ALSO HAVE SIMILAR SOLUTIONS... PLACING THE GFS MODEL SOLUTIONS IN A DECIDED MINORITY. A COUPLE OF THE INDIVIDUAL OPERATIONAL GFS FORECASTS FROM A FEW DAYS BACK SHOWED THIS TYPE OF PATTERN... BUT NONE HAVE SINCE THEN.... WHILE THE ECMWF MODEL SOLUTIONS HAVE CONSISTENTLY TRENDED MORE TOWARDS THE FULL LATITUDE TROUGH OVER THE WEST. FOR THE 8-14 DAY PERIOD ONLY THE GFS SOLUTIONS AND DAVA AREA AVAILALBE... WITH THE GFS SOLUTIONS BEGINNING TO SLIGHTLY WEAKEN THE POSITIVE HEIGHT ANOMALIES OVER THE U.S. ... BUT MORE IN THE EAST THAN IN THE WEST. THE DAVA PATTERN FOR WEEK TWO IS VERY SIMILAR TO THE ECMWF AND CANADIAN MEAN PATTERNS FOR THE 6-10 DAY PERIOD... SO THE LATTER WERE PREFERRED AS AN ESTIMATE OF THE WEEK TWO PATTERN. THERE IS LITTLE DOUBT THAT EXCEPT FOR THE PANHANDLE ALASKA WILL HAVE BELOW NORMAL TEMPERATURES FOR THE FIRST TWO WEEKS OF FEBRUARY IF THE MODELS ARE ANYWHERE NEAR CORRECT... WHILE THE NORTHEASTERN AND MUCH OF THE CENTRAL U.S. WILL BE MILDER THAN NORMAL. MOST OF THE AREA WEST OF THE DIVIDE AND THE SOUTHEAST HAVE WEAK INDICATIONS... SO WERE LEFT SIMILAR TO WHAT WAS FORECAST IN THE LONG-LEAD MONTHLY FORECAST PREVIOUSLY ISSUED TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF WHATEVER LONG-LEAD SIGNALS WERE AVAILABLE. MOST OF THE TOOLS BASED ON THE MODELS FOR THE FIRST TWO WEEKS OF FEBRUARY WERE SUGGESTING THAT STORMS COULD BE BRINING ABOVE MEDIAN PRECIPITATION TO MUCH OF THE MIDDLE OF THE COUNTRY... WHILE MOST OF ALASKA... THE FAR WEST... AND PARTS OF FLORIDA AND SOUTHERN GEORGIA ARE LIKELY TO HAVE LESS PRECIPITATION THAN USUAL. FORECASTER: A. J. WAGNER NOTE - AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY THAT FORMERLY WERE LABELED CL (CLIMATOLOGICAL PROBABILTIES) ARE NOW LABELED EC (EQUAL CHANCES). NOTE - THE NEXT 0.5 MONTH LEAD-TIME MONTHLY OUTLOOK WILL BE ISSUED THU FEB 17 2005. THESE OUTLOOKS ARE BASED ON DEPARTURES FROM THE 1971-2000 BASE PERIOD. $$