PROGNOSTIC DISCUSSIONS FOR 6 TO 10 AND 8 TO 14 DAY OUTLOOKS NWS CLIMATE PREDICTION CENTER CAMP SPRINGS MD 300 PM EST WED OCT 29 2003 6 TO 10 DAY OUTLOOK FOR NOV 04 - NOV 08 2003 . . . . . . . AT DAY 5 THE MODELS ARE IN GOOD AGREEMENT IN DEPICTING A RIDGE OVER THE SOUTHEASTERN QUARTER OF THE CONUS...A BROAD POSITIVELY TILTED TROUGH CENTERED NEAR THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST COAST AND AN AMPLIFIED RIDGE IN THE EAST PACIFIC EXTENDING NORTHEASTWARD TO ALASKA. ALL MODELS ARE ALSO SUGGESTING THAT A TROPICAL LOW WILL BE IN THE VICINITY OF SOUTHERN FLORIDA/CUBA AROUND DAY 5. THE MAIN MODEL DIFFERENCE CONCERNS THE PHASING OF SHORTWAVE ENERGY IN THE TROUGH CENTERED IN THE WESTERN CONUS...AS THE GFS BASED SOLUTIONS ARE MUCH SLOWER TO PROGRESS THE ENERGY IN THE NORTHERN STREAM COMPARED TO THE OTHER MODELS. DURING THE 6 TO 10 DAY PERIOD THE MODELS STAY IN FAIRLY GOOD AGREEMENT MAINTAINING A RIDGE OFF THE SOUTHEAST COAST...A BROAD POSITIVELY TILTED TROUGH CENTERED OVER THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST...WHICH EXTENDS SOUTHWESTWARD INTO THE EASTERN PACIFIC AND A RIDGE CENTERED NORTH OF HAWAII. THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS IS SOMEWHAT MORE AMPLIFIED WITH THE TROUGH IN THE WEST BUT LESS AMPLIFED WITH THE NORTHERN PART OF THE RIDGE NORTH OF HAWAII COMPARED TO THE ECMWF. THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN AND DAVA SUPPORT THE ECMWF IN REGARD TO THE AMPLIFICATION OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC RIDGE WHILE THE 6Z GFS MORE CLOSELY RESEMBLES THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS WITH THIS FEATURE. THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN AND ECMWF SHOW BETTER CONTINUITY WITH RESPECT TO THEIR SOLUTIONS FROM YESTERDAY COMPARED TO THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS. THE GFS ENSEMBLE SPAGHETTI DIAGRAMS INDICATE RELATIVELY LITTLE SPREAD DURNG THE D+8 PERIOD EXCEPT OVER THE EASTERN PACIFIC AND ALASKA. MODEL OF THE DAY: GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN FORECAST CONFIDENCE FOR THE 6 TO 10 DAY PERIOD IS WELL ABOVE AVERAGE TODAY... 5 ON A SCALE FROM 1 TO 5... DUE TO VERY GOOD AGREEMENT AMONGST THE MODELS AND TOOLS. THE OFFICIAL HEIGHT PROG FOR TODAY CONSISTS OF 20 PERCENT OF TODAYS 0Z GFS OPERATIONAL RUN CENTERED ON DAY 8...20 PERCENT OF TODAYS ECMWF SOLUTION CENTERED ON DAY 7...AND 60 PERCENT OF TODAYS GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN CENTERED ON DAY 8. THE TEMPERATURE PROG IS BASED ON THE KLEIN...NEURAL NET AND FIRST GUESS SPECIFICATIONS FROM THE OFFICAL BLENDED HEIGHT FIELD...MOS TEMPERATURES FROM THE GFS ENSEMBLE...BIAS CORRECTED 850-HPA TEMPERATURES FROM THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS...ANALOGS TO THE VARIOUS MODELS AND BLENDED HEIGH FIELD AND TELECONNECTIONS ON A NEGATIVE HEIGHT CENTER AT 45N 115W. THE PRECIPITATION PROG IS BASED ON CALIBRATED PRECIPITATION FROM THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEMBERS...THE NEURAL NET SPECIFICATIONS FROM THE OFFICIAL BLENDED HEIGHT FIELD...ANALOGS TO THE BLENDED HEIGHT FIELD AND INDIVIDIUAL MODELS...THE BIAS CORRECTED PRECIPITATION FROM THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS...THE CALIBRATED PRECIPITATION PERCENTAGES FROM THE GFS ENSEMBLE AND ON TELECONNECTIONS ON A NEGATIVE HEIGHT CENTER AT 45N 115W. . . . . . . . 8 TO 14 DAY OUTLOOK FOR NOV 06 - NOV 12 2003 THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS INDICATES THAT THE CIRCULATION PATTERN IS FORECAST TO CHANGE LITTLE DURING THE WEEK 2 PERIOD FROM THAT SEEN DURING THE 6 TO 10 DAY PERIOD AS A RIDGE REMAINS ANCHORED OVER THE SOUTHEAST CONUS...A BROAD POSITIVELY TILTED TROUGH IS FORECAST TO DOMINATE THE WESTERN TWO THIRDS OF THE NATION AND A RIDGE IS FORECAST TO CLOSE OFF NORTH OF HAWAII. THE SOUTHWEST PORTION OF THE TROUGH IN THE WEST IS FORECAST TO DETACH FROM THE MAIN TROUGH AND CLOSE OFF OVER HAWAII. THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN IS A BIT MORE SUPPRESSED WITH THE RIDGE IN THE SOUTHEAST AND SIGNIFICANTLY MORE AMPLIFIED WITH THE NORTHERN PORTION OF THE RIDGE IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC COMPARED TO THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS. THE DAVA MORE CLOSELY RESEMBLES THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN SOLUTION EXCEPT THAT IT IS MORE PROGRESSIVE WITH THE TROUGH IN THE WEST. THE 6Z GFS SEEMS TO BE A GOOD COMPROMISE BETWEEN THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS AND THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN. THE MODELS SHOW GOOD CONTINUITY WITH RESPECT TO THEIR SOLUTIONS FROM YESTERDAY. THE GFS ENSEMBLE SPAGHETTI DIAGRAMS INDICATE RELATIVELY LITTLE SPREAD OVER THE STATES EXCEPT IN THE SOUTHWEST CONUS...AND SOMEWHAT MORE SPREAD OVER ALASKA...THE EASTERN PACIFIC AND THE EASTERN ATLANTIC. CONFIDENCE IN THE WEEK 2 FORECAST IS ABOVE AVERAGE TODAY...4 ON A SCALE OF 1 TO 5...DUE TO GOOD MODEL AGREEMENT...LOW ENSEMBLE SPREAD AND GOOD CONTINUITY FROM DAYS 6-10. THE OFFICIAL 500-HPA HEIGHT PROG FOR TODAY CONSISTS OF 75 PERCENT OF TODAYS ENSEMBLE MEAN CENTERED ON DAY 11 AND 25 PERCENT OF TODAYS 0Z GFS OPERATIONAL RUN CENTERED ON DAY 11. THE TEMPERATURE PROG IS BASED ON THE KLEIN...NEURAL NET AND FIRST GUESS SPECIFICATIONS FROM THE OFFICIAL 500-HPA HEIGHT PROG...ANALOGS TO THE 0Z GFS...GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN AND BLENDED HEIGHT CHART...THE BIAS CORRECTED 850-HPA TEMPERATURES FROM THE 0Z OPERATIONAL GFS AND TELECONNECTIONS ON A POSITIVE HEIGHT CENTER AT 38N 77W. THE PRECIPITATION PROG IS BASED ON CALIBRATED PRECIPITATION FROM THE 0Z GFS...ACCUMULATED PRECIPITATION FROM THE GFS RUNS...NEURAL NET SPECIFICATIONS FROM THE OFFICIAL 500-HPA HEIGHT PROG...ANALOGS TO THE 0Z GFS...GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN AND BLENDED HEIGHT FIELDS... ON THE CALIBRATED PRECIPITATION PERCENTAGES FROM THE GFS ENSEMBLE AND ON TELECONNECTIONS ON A POSITIVE HEIGHT CENTER AT 38N 77W. FORECASTER: R. SCHECHTER . . . . . . . NOTES: AUTOMATED FORECASTS ARE ISSUED ON SATURDAY AND SUNDAY. OTHERWISE - FORECASTS INCORPORATE FORECASTER INPUT. THE NOTATION FOR THE CATEGORICAL FORECAST INDICATED ON THE MAPS IS THE SAME AS THAT IN THE TABLES: A-ABOVE N-NEAR NORMAL B-BELOW IN THE SOUTHWEST AND OTHER CLIMATOLOGICALLY DRY REGIONS - THERE WILL BE A GREATER THAN 33.3% CHANCE OF NO PRECIPITATION AND OCCASIONALLY EVEN A NORMAL (I.E. MEDIAN) VALUE OF ZERO - ESPECIALLY DURING THE DRY SEASONS. IN SUCH CASES A FORECAST OF NEAR NORMAL IS EFFECTIVELY A FORECAST OF LITTLE OR NO PRECIPITATION. THE NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE FORECAST PATTERNS FOR TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION FOR BOTH THE 6-10 OR 8-14 DAY PERIODS HAS BEEN DISCONTINUED. THE STATE TABLES FOR BOTH THE 6-10 AND 8-14 DAY PERIODS ARE NOW CONTAINED IN THIS MESSAGE...AVAILABLE AS PMDMRD ON AWIPS. . . . . . . . GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS:--------------------------------------------- AC - ANOMALY CORRELATION - A MEASURE OF HOW WELL A MODEL FORECASTS THE HEIGHT OR HEIGHT ANOMALY FIELD OBTAINED BY CORRELATING THE IMPLIED GRADIENTS OF THE TWO ANOMALY PATTERNS BEING COMPARED. ANALOG (NATURAL ANALOG) - A WEATHER MAP THAT RESEMBLES ANOTHER WEATHER MAP - USUALLY FROM DIFFERENT YEARS BUT THE SAME SEASON IN THE HISTORICAL RECORD. THE CRITERION FOR SELECTING AN ANALOG IS OFTEN THE PATTERN CORRELATION BETWEEN THE MAPS. TWO MAPS WILL JUST BEGIN TO RESEMBLE EACH OTHER TO THE HUMAN EYE AT A PATTERN CORRELATION OF ABOUT 40%. TO BE USEFUL - ANALOGS NEED TO HAVE MUCH HIGHER CORRELATIONS TO THE ORIGINAL MAP THAN THAT - 80% OR MORE. ANALOGS ARE INCREASINGLY DIFFICULT TO FIND AS THE GEOGRAPHIC REGION BEING STUDIED INCREASES IN SIZE. PERFECT ANALOGS TO THE ENTIRE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SIMPLY DO NO EXIST - FOR PRACTICAL PURPOSES. THIS IS WHY SIMPLE NATURAL ANALOG FORECAST METHODS DO NOT WORK VERY WELL. ANOMALY - THE ARITHMETIC DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE VALUE OF A VARIABLE AT A GIVEN PLACE AND TIME AND THE LONG-TERM AVERAGE OF THAT VARIABLE AT THAT PLACE AND TIME OF YEAR. AO - ARCTIC OSCILLATION - A MEASURE OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MEAN MID-TROPOSPHERIC HEIGHT OR SEA LEVEL PRESSURE ANOMALY OVER THE POLAR BASIN AND THE CORRESPONDING AVERAGE ANOMALY IN A RING SURROUNDING THE POLAR BASIN AT MIDDLE LATITUDES. THE AO IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE LEADING MODE OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY OF THE EXTRATROPICAL NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. THE AO CAN ALSO BE CONSIDERED TO INCLUDE THE NAO (NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION) WITH WHICH IT IS POSITIVELY CORRELATED - BUT NOT IDENTICAL. THE PHASE OF THE AO IS CONSIDERED TO BE POSITIVE WHEN HEIGHTS OR PRESSURES ARE BELOW NORMAL OVER THE ARCTIC BASIN AND ABOVE NORMAL OVER SURROUNDING MID- LATITUDES - AND IS NEGATIVE FOR THE REVERSE ANOMALY PATTERN. BLEND - A WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF 500-HPA HEIGHT FORECAST MAPS FROM SEVERAL MODELS. WEIGHTS ARE CURRENTLY ASSIGNED SUBJECTIVELY BY THE FORECASTER. THE SUM OF THE WEIGHTS MUST BE 1. WEIGHTS ARE APPLIED BY MULTIPLYING EACH 500-HPA MAP BY ITS WEIGHT AND ADDING ALL OF THE WEIGHTED MAPS TOGETHER TO MAKE THE OFFICIAL 500-HPA FORECAST. CONUS - CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES. DAVA - DIVERGENT ANOMALY VORTICITY ADVECTION MODEL. THIS IS A BAROTROPIC MODEL WITH DIVERGENCE IN IT TO ALLOW MORE ACCURATE PREDICTION OF LONG WAVES THAN A STANDARD BAROTROPIC MODEL. REFERENCE: QIN J. AND H.M. VAN DEN DOOL - 1996: SIMPLE EXTENSIONS OF AN NWP MODEL. MON. WEA. REV. - VOL 124 - PP 277-287. EL NINO - THE WARM PHASE OF ENSO. ENSO - EL NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION. FLOW PATTERN - THE PATTERN OF WIND INFERRED BY THE 500-HPA CONTOURS - THE WIND TENDS TO BLOW PARALLEL TO THE CONTOURS WITH LOW HEIGHT ON THE LEFT - IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE - THE OPPOSITE IS TRUE IN THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. WIND SPEED IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE SPACING BETWEEN THE CONTOURS. GFS - GLOBAL FORECAST SYSTEM. THIS REFERS TO ANY OF THE GLOBAL MODELS RUN AT NCEP FOUR TIMES A DAY THAT USED TO BE REFERRED TO AS THE MRF AND AVN MODELS. THE MODEL RUN INITIATED AT 00Z (00 GMT) IS CURRENTLY THE ONLY ONE USED BY CPC IN ITS OFFICIAL BLEND FORECAST - ALTHOUGH THE OTHERS CAN BE CONSIDERED BY THE FORECASTER IN FORMULATING THE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION FORECASTS. GFS ENSEMBLE - A SET OF GFS FORECASTS WHICH ARE ALL VALID AT THE SAME TIME BUT WHOSE STARTING CONDITIONS DIFFER BY SMALL AMOUNTS. THERE ARE CURRENTLY 25 MEMBERS IN THE GFS ENSEMBLE. THE AVERAGE OF THESE IS THE GFS ENSEMBLE MEAN. 500-HPA HEIGHT IS THE HEIGHT - IN METERS - ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL - WHICH ABOUT HALF OF THE MASS OF THE ATMOSPHERE LIES ABOVE AND BELOW - AS MEASURED BY THE PRESSURE. UPPER AIR STORM SYSTEMS TEND TO BE STEERED IN THE DIRECTION OF THE WINDS AT 500-HPA. 500-HPA SYSTEMS CORRELATE STRONGLY WITH SURFACE WEATHER. HPA - HECTO-PASCALS. 1 HPA = 1 MILLIBAR. LA NINA - THE COLD PHASE OF ENSO. MERIDIONAL FLOW PATTERN - OCCURS WHEN 500-HPA CONTOURS EXHIBIT LARGE NORTHWARD AND SOUTHWARD EXCURSIONS WITH EXTENSIVE AREAS OF SOUTHERLY AND NORTHERLY FLOW. MODEL BIAS - THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MODEL CLIMATOLOGY AND THE OBSERVED CLIMATOLOGY - EXPRESSED AS BIAS = MODEL CLIMO - OBSERVED CLIMO. MODEL OF THE DAY - FOR 6-10 DAYS - IS THE MODEL WHOSE SOLUTION IS CONSIDERED TO BE MORE RELIABLE THAN USUAL - AND MAY BE GIVEN HIGHER THAN TYPICAL WEIGHT IN THE BLEND. NO MODEL OF THE DAY IS CHOSEN FOR 8-14 DAYS. MOS - MODEL OUTPUT STATISTICS - A STATISITCAL TOOL FOR SPECIFYING THE SURFACE TEMPERATURE (AND ITS ANOMALY) FROM MODEL FIELDS - CORRECTING AUTOMATICALLY FOR BOTH BIASES IN THE MODEL FIELDS AND THE SPECIFICATION METHOD. IT IS VALID AS LONG AS A GIVEN CONFIGURATION OF A MODEL IS NOT CHANGED OR MODIFIED. MJO - MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION - ALSO CALLED TROPICAL INTRA-SEASONAL OSCILLATION - A SERIES OF WAVES WITH A PERIOD AVERAGING 50 DAYS THAT MOVES SLOWLY EASTWARD NEAR THE EQUATOR ALTERNATELY ENHANCING AND SUPRESSING PRECIPITATION. NAO - NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION TELECONNECTION PATTERN. IT CAN ALSO BE VIEWED AS THE ATLANTIC HALF OF THE AO (ARCTIC OSCILLATION) TELECONNECTION PATTERN - STRONGLY INFLUENCES TEMPERATURES OVER EUROPE AND MUCH OF NORTH AMERICA - ESPECIALLY DURING THE COLD SEASONS - AND DETERMINES THE MEAN LATITUDE OF THE PREVAILING STORM TRACKS ACROSS THE NORTH ATLANTIC. THE PHASE OF THE NAO IS CONSIDERED POSITIVE WHEN PRESSURES AND HEIGHTS ARE BELOW NORMAL OVER GREENLAND AND ICELAND (STRONG ICELANDIC LOW) AND ABOVE NORMAL AT MIDDLE AND SUBTROPICAL LATITUDES (STRONG BERMUDA-AZORES HIGH) - AND NEGATIVE FOR THE REVERSE ANOMALIES. PNA - PACIFIC NORTH AMERICAN TELECONNECTION PATTERN. PROG - PROGNOSIS - OR FORECAST. PROGRESSION OR PROGRESSIVE MOTION - THE NORMAL MOVEMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC WEATHER SYSTEMS (HIGHS... LOWS... RIDGES... OR TROUGHS) FROM WEST TO EAST IN THE MIDDLE LATITUDES. RETROGRESSION OR RETROGRADE MOTION - A TYPE OF MOTION SOMETIMES OBSERVED IN WEATHER SYSTEMS WHEN THEY END UP IN POSITIONS FURTHER TO THE WEST THAN THEIR ORIGINAL LOCATIONS - CONTRARY TO THEIR USUAL WEST TO EAST MOTION. RIDGE - A REGION OF UNUSUALLY HIGH 500-HPA HEIGHT. SHORT WAVES - RELATIVELY LOW-AMPLITUDE - FAST-MOVING DISTURBANCES OF THE 500-HPA FIELD. SOUTHERN STREAM - A FLOW PATTERN WITH UNUSUALLY STRONG FLOW ACROSS THE SOUTHERN U.S. - ACCOMPANIED BY UNUSUAL STORMINESS IN THE SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST. SPECIFICATIONS - KLEIN AND NEURAL NETWORK SPECIFICATIONS GIVE THE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 500-HPA HEIGHT ANOMALIES AND SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION. KLEIN SPECIFICATIONS TEND TO EMPHASIZE REGIONAL TELECONNECTIONS WHILE THOSE FROM THE NEURAL NETWORK WORK FROM GLOBAL TELECONNECTIONS. . . . . . . . TELECONNECTIONS GIVE THE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE 500-HPA HEIGHT AT A GIVEN POINT AND ALL OTHER POINTS ON A MAP FOR A GIVEN TIME OF YEAR. WE AVERAGE THE TOP/BOTTOM 10% OF DAILY MAPS FROM 1950-1999 FOR THE SAME TIME OF YEAR HAVING THE HIGHEST/LOWEST 500-HPA HEIGHT AT THE SPECIFIED POINT. TROUGH - A REGION OF UNUSUALLY LOW 500-HPA HEIGHT. UTC - UNIVERSAL TIME COORDINATED - SAME AS GREENWICH MEAN TIME (GMT). WESTERLY WIND - WIND BLOWING FROM WEST TO EAST. EASTERLY WIND - WIND BLOWING FROM EAST TO WEST. NORTHERLY WIND - WIND BLOWING FROM NORTH TO SOUTH SOUTHERLY WIND - WIND BLOWING FROM SOUTH TO NORTH. ZONAL FLOW PATTERN - OCCURS WHEN 500-HPA CONTOURS LIE IN AN EAST-WEST DIRECTION PARALLEL TO LATITUDE CIRCLES WITH NEARLY PURE WEST-TO-EAST FLOW. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- THE NEXT MONTHLY AND SEASONAL OUTLOOKS WILL BE RELEASED ... THURSDAY NOV 20 2003. ANALOGS TO THE 5 DAY MEAN OBSERVED PATTERN CENTERED 3 DAYS AGO (D-3) FOR THE REGION FROM 20N TO 70N LATITUDE AND 175E TO 60W LONGITUDE INCLUDE THE 5 DAY PERIODS CENTERED ON THE FOLLOWING DATES: 19591110 - 19521012 - 19931026 - 19931103 - 19911013 ANALOGS TO THE 7 DAY MEAN OBSERVED PATTERN CENTERED 4 DAYS AGO (D-4) FOR THE REGION FROM 20N TO 70N LATITUDE AND 175E TO 60W LONGITUDE INCLUDE THE 7 DAY PERIODS CENTERED ON THE FOLLOWING DATES: 19911012 - 19591110 - 19521012 - 19661101 - 19931102 6 to 10 day Outlook Table STATE TEMP PCPN STATE TEMP PCPN STATE TEMP PCPN WASHINGTON B B OREGON B B NRN CALIF B N SRN CALIF B A IDAHO B N NEVADA B A W MONTANA B A E MONTANA B A WYOMING B N UTAH B A ARIZONA B A COLORADO B A NEW MEXICO N A N DAKOTA B A S DAKOTA B N NEBRASKA B N KANSAS B N OKLAHOMA N A N TEXAS N A S TEXAS A A W TEXAS N A MINNESOTA B N IOWA B N MISSOURI N A ARKANSAS A A LOUISIANA A A WISCONSIN B A ILLINOIS N A MISSISSIPPI A N MICHIGAN N A INDIANA A A OHIO A A KENTUCKY A A TENNESSEE A A ALABAMA A N NEW YORK A N VERMONT A N NEW HAMP A N MAINE N N MASS A N CONN A N RHODE IS A N PENN A N NEW JERSEY A N W VIRGINIA A A MARYLAND A N DELAWARE A N VIRGINIA A A N CAROLINA A A S CAROLINA A N GEORGIA A N FL PNHDL A N FL PENIN A A AK N SLOPE A A AK ALEUTIAN A A AK WESTERN A A AK INT BSN A N AK S INT N N AK SO COAST N B AK PNHDL B B 8 to 14 day Outlook Table STATE TEMP PCPN STATE TEMP PCPN STATE TEMP PCPN WASHINGTON B B OREGON B B NRN CALIF B B SRN CALIF B N IDAHO B N NEVADA B N W MONTANA B N E MONTANA B A WYOMING B N UTAH B N ARIZONA B A COLORADO B A NEW MEXICO B A N DAKOTA B A S DAKOTA N N NEBRASKA N N KANSAS N A OKLAHOMA N A N TEXAS N A S TEXAS A A W TEXAS N A MINNESOTA N N IOWA N A MISSOURI A A ARKANSAS A A LOUISIANA A A WISCONSIN A A ILLINOIS A A MISSISSIPPI A A MICHIGAN A A INDIANA A A OHIO A N KENTUCKY A A TENNESSEE A A ALABAMA A A NEW YORK A B VERMONT A B NEW HAMP A B MAINE A B MASS A B CONN A B RHODE IS A B PENN A B NEW JERSEY A B W VIRGINIA A N MARYLAND A B DELAWARE A B VIRGINIA A N N CAROLINA A N S CAROLINA A N GEORGIA A A FL PNHDL A A FL PENIN A A AK N SLOPE A A AK ALEUTIAN A N AK WESTERN A A AK INT BSN N N AK S INT N N AK SO COAST B B AK PNHDL B B LEGEND TEMPS WITH RESPECT TO NORMAL PCPN WITH RESPECT TO MEDIAN A - ABOVE N - NEAR NORMAL A - ABOVE N - NEAR MEDIAN B - BELOW B - BELOW THE FORECAST CLASSES REPRESENT AVERAGES FOR EACH STATE. NORMAL VALUES - WHICH MAY VARY WIDELY ACROSS SOME STATES - ARE AVAILABLE FROM YOUR LOCAL WEATHER SERVICE FORECAST OFFICE. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION SEE MESSAGE FXUS06 KWBC - ON AWIPS AS PMDMRD. $$